What is a coaxial cable? 

A coaxial cable is a type of network cable that carries electrical signals through a single central copper conductor, surrounded by insulation and shielding.
👉 The word “coaxial” means both conductors share the same axis.

❓ Why Is It Called Coaxial

• Inner conductor and outer shield are aligned on the same axis
• This design reduces signal interference

🏗 Structure of Coaxial Cable (Very Important for Exam)

1️⃣ Inner Copper Conductor – Carries data signal
2️⃣ Dielectric Insulator – Separates conductor and shield
3️⃣ Metallic Shield – Protects from EMI
4️⃣ Outer Plastic Jacket – Physical protection

🔎 Types of Coaxial Cable

Thick Coaxial (10Base5)

• Large diameter
• Longer distance
• Difficult installation

Thin Coaxial (10Base 2)

• Smaller and flexible
• Shorter distance
• Easier to install

🔌 Connectors Used

• BNC Connector (Very Important)
• F-Type (Cable TV)
• N-Type (Radio communication)

📍 Where Used

• Cable TV
• CCTV
• Old Ethernet LAN
• Radio systems

✅ Advantages

• Good shielding
• Less EMI
• Durable

❌ Disadvantages

• Bulky
• Lower speed than fiber
• Obsolete in modern LAN

⭐ Exam Points

• Single copper conductor
• Metallic shielding
• Uses BNC connector

🧠 Memory Trick

Coaxial = TV + CCTV + Old Ethernet