Internet-accessible
Assigned by ISP
Example: 8.8.8.8
Used inside the LAN
Not internet routable
📍 Ranges
10.0.0.0 – 10.255.255.255
172.16.0.0 – 172.31.255.255
192.168.0.0 – 192.168.255.255
127.0.0.1
Used for testing
169.254.x.x
Indicates DHCP failure
224–239.x.x
One-to-many communication
| Class | Range | Use |
|---|---|---|
| A | 1–126 | Large networks |
| B | 128–191 | Medium networks |
| C | 192–223 | Small networks |
| D | 224–239 | Multicast |
| E | 240–255 | Reserved |
👉 A = Big
👉 B = Medium
👉 C = Small
👉 D = Data
👉 E = Experimental
❓ What are private IP ranges?
Private IP ranges are reserved IP blocks used within local networks, including 10.0.0.0/8, 172.16.0.0/12, and 192.168.0.0/16.
❓ What is APIPA?
APIPA is an automatic IP assignment (169.254.x.x) given when a device fails to obtain an IP address from a DHCP server.
❓ What is Loopback address?
Loopback address (127.0.0.1) is used to test the TCP/IP stack of a device.
❓ What is Multicast?
Multicast is a communication method where one sender transmits data to multiple receivers simultaneously.
